Fungsionalitas Tumbuhan Riparian dalam Mitigasi Dampak Ekologi Perkebunan Sawit: Kajian Sistematis
Keywords:
Buffer Riparian, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Jasa Ekosistem, Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati, Kualitas Air, Riparian Buffer, Oil Palm Plantation, Ecosystem Services, Biodiversity Conservation, Water QualityAbstract
Oil palm plantations have become one of the main drivers of land conversion in tropical regions, particularly in Southeast Asia. This conversion has significant impacts on ecosystem functions, including increased erosion, surface runoff, biodiversity loss, and water quality degradation. Riparian vegetation as buffer zones along waterways has been identified as an effective conservation strategy to mitigate these ecological impacts. This systematic literature review aims to evaluate the functionality of riparian plants in mitigating the ecological impacts of oil palm plantations through analysis of scientific publications from various bibliographic databases. The review method involved searching publications in Scopus and Google Scholar databases using keywords related to riparian zones, oil palm plantations, and ecosystem functions. Selected articles were analyzed for their methodological rigor and key findings. The results show that riparian buffers provide multiple ecosystem services including erosion control, water quality improvement, biodiversity conservation, microclimate regulation, and carbon sequestration. The effectiveness of riparian zones is influenced by various factors including buffer width, vegetation composition, and management practices. Optimal riparian buffer width ranges from 10-30 meters depending on topographic conditions and conservation objectives. Riparian vegetation not only serves as a physical barrier but also provides habitat for various fauna species and maintains ecological connectivity in oil palm plantation landscapes. This review emphasizes the importance of integrating riparian conservation into sustainable oil palm plantation management as an effective strategy to balance agricultural productivity with environmental conservation.
Keywords: Riparian Buffer, Oil Palm Plantation, Ecosystem Services, Biodiversity Conservation, Water Quality
ABSTRAK
Perkebunan kelapa sawit telah menjadi salah satu pendorong utama konversi lahan di wilayah tropis, khususnya di Asia Tenggara. Konversi ini memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap fungsi ekosistem, termasuk peningkatan erosi, aliran permukaan, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, dan degradasi kualitas air. Vegetasi riparian sebagai zona penyangga di sepanjang aliran air telah diidentifikasi sebagai strategi konservasi yang efektif untuk mitigasi dampak ekologi tersebut. Kajian literatur sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi fungsionalitas tumbuhan riparian dalam mitigasi dampak ekologi perkebunan sawit melalui analisis publikasi ilmiah dari berbagai basis data bibliografi. Metode kajian melibatkan pencarian publikasi dalam basis data Scopus dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci terkait zona riparian, perkebunan kelapa sawit, dan fungsi ekosistem. Artikel yang terpilih dianalisis untuk ketelitian metodologis dan temuan utamanya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa buffer riparian memberikan beragam jasa ekosistem meliputi pengendalian erosi, perbaikan kualitas air, konservasi keanekaragaman hayati, regulasi iklim mikro, dan sekuestrasi karbon. Efektivitas zona riparian dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor termasuk lebar buffer, komposisi vegetasi, dan praktik manajemen. Lebar buffer riparian optimal berkisar 10-30 meter tergantung kondisi topografi dan tujuan konservasi. Vegetasi riparian tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai penghalang fisik tetapi juga menyediakan habitat bagi berbagai spesies fauna dan menjaga konektivitas ekologi dalam lanskap perkebunan kelapa sawit. Kajian ini menekankan pentingnya mengintegrasikan konservasi riparian ke dalam manajemen perkebunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan sebagai strategi efektif untuk menyeimbangkan produktivitas pertanian dengan konservasi lingkungan.
Kata Kunci: Buffer Riparian, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Jasa Ekosistem, Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati, Kualitas Air
References
Bah, A., Husni, M. H. A., Teh, C. B. S., Rafii, M. Y., Omar, S. R. S., & Ahmed, O. H. (2014). Reducing Runoff Loss of Applied Nutrients in Oil Palm Cultivation Using Controlled-Release Fertilizers. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/285387
Chellaiah, D., & Yule, C. M. (2018). Effect of riparian management on stream morphometry and water quality in oil palm plantations in Borneo. Limnologica, 69(November 2017), 72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2017.11.007
Daawia, & Dianingsih, N. (2023). Dampak Konversi Hutan Menjadi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Kupu-kupu Superfamili Papilionoidea. 15(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2680
Deere, N. J., Bicknell, J. E., Mitchell, S. L., Afendy, A., Baking, E. L., Bernard, H., Chung, A. Y. C., Ewers, R. M., Heroin, H., Joseph, N., Lewis, O. T., Luke, S. H., Milne, S., Fikri, A. H., Parrett, J. M., Payne, M., Rossiter, S. J., Vairappan, C. S., Vian, C. V., … Struebig, M. J. (2022). Riparian buffers can help mitigate biodiversity declines in oil palm agriculture. 459–466. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2473
Djaingsastro, A. J., & Manurung, S. (2021). The Patterns of Weed Distribution in Several Oil Palm Plantations with Different Elevations in PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV. 2(1).
Djaingsastro, A. J., & Siregar, E. S. (2025). Assessing Environmental Drivers of the Distribution of the Rare Species Johannesteijsmannia altifrons : a literature review. 07(01), 24–30.
Gray, C. L., Lewis, O. T., Chung, A. Y. C., & Fayle, T. M. (2015). Riparian reserves within oil palm plantations conserve logged forest leaf litter ant communities and maintain associated scavenging rates. 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12371
Horton, A. J., Bruford, M. W., & Goossens, B. (2018). Can Riparian Forest Buffers Increase Yields From Oil Palm Plantations ? 1082–1096. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EF000874
Jaya, A., Rumbang, N., Saptono, M., Widiastuti, L., Endang, S., Rahayuningsih, A., & Winerungan, S. (2023). Effects of forest conversion to oil palm plantation on soil erosion and surface runoff. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 11(2320), 767–779.
Luke, S. H., Slade, E. M., V, C. L. G. K., Miklin, A. L. A., Drewer, J., Williamson, J., Mitchell, A. S. L., Vairappan, C. S., Struebig, M. J., & Slade, E. M. (2019). Riparian buffers in tropical agriculture : Scientific support , effectiveness and directions for policy. May 2018, 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13280
Mayer, P. M., & Steven K. Reynolds, J. T. J. C. (2005). Riparian Buffer Width, Vegetative Cover, and Nitrogen Removal Effectiveness: A Review of Current Science and Regulations.
Moradi, A., Teh, C., Sung, B., Joo, K., Husni, A., Hanif, M., & Fauziah, C. (2014). Effect of four soil and water conservation practices on soil physical processes in a non-terraced oil palm plantation. Soil & Tillage Research, 145, 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2014.08.005
Murtilaksono, K., Ariyanti, M., Asbur, Y., Siregar, H. H., Sutarta, E. S., Yahya, S., Sudrajat, Suwarto, Suroso, & Yusuf, M. A. (2018). Surface runoff and soil erosion in oil palm plantation of management unit of rejosari , PT Perkebunan Nusantara VII , Lampung Surface runoff and soil erosion in oil palm plantation of management unit of rejosari , PT Perkebunan Nusantara VII ,.
Nelson, J. L., Hunt, L. G., Lewis, M. T., Hamby, K. A., Hooks, C. R. R., & Dively, G. P. (2018). Arthropod communities in warm and cool grass riparian bu ff ers and their in fl uence on natural enemies in adjacent crops. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 257(April 2017), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.01.019
Satriawan, H., & Fuady, Z. (2017). SOIL CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE Teknik Konservasi Tanah pada Budidaya Kelapa Sawit untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan. 7(2), 178–183. https://doi.org/10.19081/jpsl.2017.7.2.178
Satriawan, H., Fuady, Z., & Fitri, R. (2021). Soil erosion control in immature oil palm plantation. https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2021.137095.Abstract
Sheaves, M., Johnston, R., Miller, K., & Nelson, P. N. (2018). Impact of oil palm development on the integrity of riparian vegetation of a tropical coastal landscape. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 262(April), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.04.011
Williamson, J., Slade, E. M., Luke, S. H., Swinfield, T., Chung, A. Y. C., Coomes, D. A., Heroin, H., Jucker, T., Lewis, O. T., Vairappan, C. S., Rossiter, S. J., Struebig, M. J., & Williamson, J. (2021). Riparian buffers act as microclimatic refugia in oil palm landscapes. May 2020, 431–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13784
Woodham, C. R., Agung, A., Aryawan, K., Luke, S. H., Manning, P., Caliman, J., Naim, M., Turner, E. C., & Slade, E. M. (2019). Effects of Replanting and Retention of Mature Oil Palm Riparian Buffers on Ecosystem Functioning in Oil Palm Plantations. 2(June), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2019.00029
Wu, S., Bashir, M. A., Raza, Q., Rehim, A., Geng, Y., & Cao, L. (2023). Application of riparian bu er zone in agricultural non-point source pollution control — A review.
Downloads
-
PDF FULL TEXT
Abstract Dilihat : 19 Kali , 
Download: 17 Kali
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurfadilia Dini Rahayu, Aulia Juanda Djaingsastro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
